Understanding IP Matters

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Laura Peters provides rare perspective to intellectual property awareness, having served as Deputy Director at the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office under Andre Iancu before becoming Executive Director of Research at UNC Charlotte. She tackles persistent misconceptions about patents in university settings, where publication incentives often overshadow commercialization opportunities. 
Peters explains how patents function as temporary greenhouses for innovators—protecting ideas for 20 years before releasing them to public knowledge. Her work focuses on helping researchers understand that intellectual property extends far beyond patents and that securing rights doesn't conflict with open knowledge principles.
KEY TAKEAWAYS:
Universities reward publications over patents, creating commercialization barriers
Researchers often conflate all IP rights with patents, missing broader protections 
Open knowledge advocates can still benefit from patent rights and public dedication
Patents publish after 18 months, contributing to collective innovation knowledge
Trade secrets are rising as patent uncertainty increases in AI and other sectors
Subject matter eligibility reforms could strengthen innovation protection
University culture change requires extensive education and community building
Patents preserve innovator legacy across global innovation records

00:00 Patents as innovation greenhouses for public benefit 
01:24 Leading USPTO operations during transformational period 
02:37 Building IP culture at UNC Charlotte
04:34 Publication versus patents in tenure 
06:06 Open knowledge myths in research 
07:01 Constitutional patent philosophy 
10:00 IP awareness summit mission 
15:32 Understanding competitive intelligence 
19:22 Patent valuation complexity 
22:28 Subject matter eligibility challenges 
25:12 AI and biotechnology protection 
27:46 Teaching patent process fundamentals 
30:08 USPTO examiner training evolution 
34:40 Mining claim analogy for claims 
36:08 Patent portfolio investor value 
38:00 Provisional filing strategy 
39:05 Trade secret trend analysis 
40:38 Future of innovation protection

Understanding IP Matters is brought to you by the nonprofit Center for Intellectual Property Understanding (CIPU) with generous support from its partners and sponsors. The podcast provides leading innovators and experts the space to share their IP stories.

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Wayne Stacy brings a unique perspective from his role as executive director of Berkeley Center for Law and Technology. From his early days as a patent litigator to directing the Silicon Valley USPTO office and earning a Fulbright to work in Nepal, Wayne has witnessed dramatic changes in how technology affects legal practice. This conversation explores how AI is transforming legal education, the evolution of patent litigation costs, and why future lawyers need different skills than previous generations.
Key Takeaways:
AI enables lawyers to focus on higher-value work by automating routine tasks
Legal education must teach AI integration rather than AI avoidance
Cross-disciplinary collaboration between law and engineering drives innovation policy
Future lawyers need policy development skills alongside traditional legal training
Berkeley's position in Silicon Valley creates unique opportunities for public discussions
Entry-level lawyers must scale up capabilities to remain relevant in AI era
Understanding IP Matters is brought to you by the nonprofit Center for Intellectual Property Understanding (CIPU) with generous support from its partners and sponsors. The podcast provides leading innovators and experts the space to share their IP stories.

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Why do many businesses prefer lawsuits over licensing deals — and what does IP capital mean for innovation?
Phil Hartstein, co-founder of Soryn IP Capital and former CEO of Finjan Holdings, shares insights from orchestrating almost $500 million in licensing deals. He explains why patent licensing has shifted from corporate boardrooms to courtrooms, and discusses the economics of patent enforcement, the role of litigation finance in supporting legitimate innovators, and how AI is transforming IP strategy. 
Phil reveals what makes patents valuable, why most portfolios contain only single-digit percentages of enforceable assets, and his perspective on patent monetization as a strategic responsibility rather than defensive last resort.
Key Takeaways:
Most patent portfolios derive value from only single-digit percentages of total assets
Corporate defendants now manage 50-100 active patent lawsuits simultaneously
Patent litigation costs range from $2-20+ million and take 3-5+ years to resolve
Licensing discussions once happened in boardrooms over 9-12 month periods
Modern product cycles compress multiple technology clusters into shorter timeframes
IP capital helps innovators compete against well-funded corporate defendants
AI tools like ChatGPT are transforming patent analysis and claim construction workflows
Patent monetization strengthens both business balance sheets and the broader innovation ecosystem
The U.S. patent system's constitutional foundation drives American technology development
Strategic patent enforcement requires demonstrating credibility, capability, and resources
About the Guest:
Phil Hartstein is a technology investor, inventor, and intellectual property strategist. He co-founded Soryn IP Capital and previously served as CEO of Finjan Holdings, a public company now owned by Fortress. At Finjen, he oversaw licensing and enforcement of pioneering cybersecurity patents, orchestrating more than $300 million in licensing deals. Phil holds more than two dozen pending and issued patents and has been twice recognized as a top 40 IP dealmaker.
00:00 - Introduction to Phil Hartstein 
01:44 - Why companies prefer lawsuits to licenses 
03:03 - Boardroom licensing era vs today 
04:16 - Soryn IP Capital's role in leveling field 
06:35 - Corporate litigation dockets explained 
08:47 - Patent lawsuit economics and timelines 
10:23 - Funding plaintiffs vs bad actors debate 
13:10 - Making capital available for innovators 
15:36 - Patent quality and portfolio value 
18:07 - Supreme Court's Unwired Planet decision 
20:16 - The Alice decision's ongoing impact 
23:40 - Patent valuation and market adoption 
26:25 - PTAB's role in patent examination 
29:14 - Working with litigation finance 
31:40 - Evaluating patent portfolio strength 
34:22 - International IP enforcement landscape 
37:08 - Germany's patent system advantages 
39:30 - AI's impact on patent prosecution 
42:42 - Racing vintage cars as analog escape 
44:40 - Patent monetization as strategic duty
Understanding IP Matters is brought to you by the nonprofit Center for Intellectual Property Understanding (CIPU) with generous support from its partners and sponsors. The podcast provides leading innovators and experts the space to share their IP stories.

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Allison Gaul, senior counsel at BCG-X, an invention development and commercialization company, discusses the evolving AI landscape, where intellectual awareness meets real-world strategy.

As both a former patent examiner and litigator with a Harvard graduate degree in business analytics, she offers insider perspectives on how companies secure IP rights, why investors now prioritize AI risk policies, and how open source licensing drives market adoption.

The conversation explores copyrighted training data challenges, how small learning models compete with foundational LLMs, and why publicly available doesn't mean free to use. Gaul shares practical IP protection strategies for startups and established companies navigating content attribution, energy-efficient blockchain solutions, and the misconceptions engineers hold about software patents.

Key Takeaways:
• Small, targeted-use models (SLMs) trained on specific datasets are gaining traction because of their relevance and efficiency
• Investors are now scrutinizing AI startup' risk and compliance policies more carefully
• Open source licensing has become a significant tool for capturing market share
• Publicly available content is not automatically free to use; not all LLMs ascribe to this
• Blockchain offers potentially reliable solutions for IP tracking despite energy concerns
• IP and AI strategy require balancing innovation with responsible ethics
• Gen AI adoption began with easy productivity wins across industries
• Businesses that are mindful of AI risk are in a better position to attract capital
Subscribe to Understanding IP Matters on your preferred platform or visit understandingip.org for more episodes exploring intellectual property with leading innovators and experts.

00:00 - Introduction to Allison Gaul
01:07 - AI race and investor expectations
02:36 - Risk policies investors demand
03:01 - How companies leverage Gen AI
04:21 - Working with foundational model providers
05:34 - Day in the life of a product attorney
06:40 - Multi-dimensional AI competition
08:34 - Open source as market strategy
09:10 - Small learning models vs LLMs
11:02 - Copyright challenges in AI training
13:29 - Content attribution and data rights
15:41 - Licensing deals and fair use debate
17:34 - Legal frameworks catching up
19:20 - Transparency in AI systems
21:25 - Attribution standards discussion
23:38 - Geographic variations in AI law
25:44 - EU regulations and global impact
27:50 - Cross-border compliance challenges
29:33 - Energy concerns in AI development
31:18 - IP education for engineers
33:11 - Patents in software development
35:27 - Ethical IP strategy and responsibility
37:54 - Patent troll misconceptions
39:50 - Attribution vs permission clarified
40:54 - Blockchain solutions and limitations
42:08 - First exposure to IP rights

Understanding IP Matters is brought to you by the nonprofit Center for Intellectual Property Understanding (CIPU) with generous support from its partners and sponsors. The podcast provides leading innovators and experts the space to share their IP stories.

Send us a text
When creativity meets intellectual property, innovation has no boundaries.
Eric Bear has licensed intellectual property to all major U.S. studios and Fortune 500 companies while maintaining a successful acting career. With over 100 patents covering software and video technology, Eric's seamless expansion invention was popularized by The Matrix and licensed to Disney, Fox, and other major studios. This conversation explores how he balances roles as inventor, entrepreneur, actor, and university professor while navigating patent litigation and startup IP protection. Discover how unconventional career paths can drive business trademark protection and commercial success.
Key Takeaways:
How Eric licensed technology to all major Hollywood studios
The connection between acting, invention, and entrepreneurial thinking
Navigating patent litigation while maintaining creative pursuits
Building companies around intellectual property course principles
The role of performance capture technology in modern filmmaking
Protecting IP rights while collaborating with Fortune 500 companies
Career advice for young creators balancing art and business
How AI impacts creative industries and performer rights
The importance of following passion over financial incentives
Screen Actors Guild protections for digital likeness rights
Understanding IP Matters is brought to you by the nonprofit Center for Intellectual Property Understanding (CIPU) with generous support from its partners and sponsors. The podcast provides leading innovators and experts the space to share their IP stories.