Incomplet Design History

• Halloween Special! Part 1

  REFERENCESTucker, I. (Ed.)(2018). FF DOT: The pixel art of final fantasy. Dark Horse Books. Hendrix, G. (2017). Paperbacks from hell: The twisted history of ‘70s and ‘80s horror fiction. Quirk Books.Chatziioannou, A. (2023). From ants to zombies: Six decades of video game horror. Bitmap Books.Gianni, G. (2017). Gary gianni’s monstermen and other scary stories. Dark Horse Books.Kochman, C. (Ed.)(2012). Mars attacks. Abrams ComicArts.Vallejo, D. (2000). The art of rowena. Paper Tiger.Voger, M. (2015). Monster mash: The creepy, kooky monster craze in America 1957-1972. TwoMorrows Publishing.Jones, Stephen (2015). The art of horror: An illustrated history. Applause.Allie, S. (Ed.)(2004). B.p.r.d.: The soul of venice and other stories. Dark Horse Comics.Saunders, D. (2009). Rudolph belarski (1900-1983). Illustration, 7(27), 8–61.McVittie, A. (2014). The art of alien:isolation. Titan Books.Sadowski,G. (Ed.)(2017). Four color fear: Forgotten horror comics of the 1950s. Fantagraphics BooksNourmand, T. & Marsh, G. (Eds.) (2006). Film posters: Horror. Evergreen.Hodge, T. (2015). Vhs video cover art. Schiffer Publishing, Ltd.Weist, J. (2002). Bradbury: An illustrated life. William MorrowBoyreau, J. (2002). Trash: The graphic genius of exploitation movie posters. Chronicle Books.Salisbury, M. (2014). Alien the archive: The ultimate guide to the classic movies. TitanBooks.Ferris, E. (2016). My favorite thing is monsters: Book one. Fantagraphics Books.Morton, R. (2005). King kong, the history of a movie icon: from fay wray to peter jackson. Applause Theatre & Cinema Books.Landis, J. (2011). Monsters in the movies: 100 years of cinematic nightmares. Dorling Kindersley Limited.Ortiz, L. (2011). Jack Gaughan. Illustration, 9(33), 2–27.(2009). Deco devolution: The art of the bioshock 2. 2k publishing.Humphreys, G. (2019). Hung, drawn and executed: The horror art of graham humphreys. Korero Press Ltd.Gammil, K. & Spurlock, J.D. (2005). Famous monster movie art of basil gogos. VanguardTucker, I. (Ed.) (2021). The art of arkham horror. Dark Horse Books.D’Agostino, N. (2020). Sex and horror volume four. Korero Press.Hulse, E. (2021). The art of pulp fiction: An illustrated history of vintage paperbacks. Elephant Book CompanyRodriguez, S. (2021). The art of goosebumps. Dynamite.Nolen-Weathington, E. (2010). Modern masters volume twenty-four: Guy davis. TwoMorrows Publishing

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• Brummett Echohawk

  Brummett Echohawk was a war hero, an artist, a writer, and a public speaker, and he was also a member of the Pawnee tribe, born in Oklahoma in 1922. Though he is well known for his contributions to the art world, he is less known for his contributions to the history of illustration and commercial art, he turned to these outlets throughout his life to successfully augment his income. Brummett Echohawk considered himself a historical or classical artist, rather than an “Indian” artist, though his work often centered on his indigenatity. His first notoriety as an artist was for his war sketches from his time in Italy in World War II. Though these sketches were initially confiscated, they were later (mostly) returned and published in newspapers across the U.S. The success of his sketches cemented his interest in becoming an artist, and he made it his goal to attend the Chicago Institute of Art for formal instruction at what he believed to be the best art school in the nation. Though he lived in Chicago, New York, Detroit, and Dallas, he ultimately returned to Oklahoma. He refused to compromise his values and, therefore, painted only what he wanted to paint; he also spent a lot of time researching the historical themes for his paintings, which slowed down his production. These factors likely made it more necessary for him to supplement his income through the development of his comic strip “Little Chief,” which ran in the Tulsa World Newspaper beginning in 1954, as well as numerous illustrations for magazine and book publications as well as working as a commercial artist throughout his career.TIMELINE1829 - Te-ah-ke-kah-wah Who-re-ke-coo (He Makes His Enemies Ashamed), Brummett Echohawk’s Great-Grandfather is born in Nebraska, the traditional homeland of the Pawnee1855 - Kutawakutsu Tuwaku-ah (Echo Hawk), Brummett Echohawk’s Grandfather is born in Nebraska 1864 - Te-ah-ke-kah-wah Who-re-ke-coo, serves with the first company of Pawnee Scouts1876 - Kutawakutsu Tuwaku-ah, then known as Tawihisi (Leader of the Group) signs on with the Pawnee Scouts, he earns the name Kutawakutsu Tuwaku-ah (Echo Hawk) as part of his efforts as a warrior during this time1892 - Elmer Echohawk, Brummett Echohawk’s father, is born in Indian Territory1907 - Elmer Echohawk, is sent by his parents to the Carlisle Indian School in Pennsylvania 1922 - Brummett Echohawk Born,  March 3, Pawnee Oklahoma1939 - Brummett Echohawk joins the National Guard1943-1944 - Serves in WWII, 45th Infantry Division (known as the Thunderbirds) 1945-1948 - Attends Chicago Institute of Art, (education not funded by the GI Bill!)1954 - Creates Comic strip “Little Chief”, for the Tulsa World 1955 - Juror of the Tenth Annual Exhibition of Contemporary American Indian Painting at the Philbrook Museum of Art in Tulsa1969 -  Battlefield sketches included in the Faces of War exhibition at London’s Imperial War Museum1977 - Brummett Echohawk began services as a member of the board at the Gilcrease Museum in Tulsa1983 - Brummett Echohawk awarded the “Unknown Indian Award” by the Committee for the Preservation of the Unknown Indian, North Platte, Nebraska1994 - actor featured in one episode of the television series Walker Texas Ranger2001 - Cartoons from Little Chief were featured in “Little Chief the Comic Art of Brummett Echohawk,” an exhibition at the Frye Art Museum in Seattle, Washington 2006  -  Brummett Echohawk Dies, February 13, buried in Pawnee, Oklahoma2008 - - Cartoons from Little Chief were featured in “Out Of: Sequence: Underrepresented Voice in American Comics,”  an exhibition at the University of Illinois Krannert Art MuseumREFERENCESBrummett Echohawk - Gilcrease Museum. (n.d.). https://collections.gilcrease.org/creator/brummett-echohawkBrummett Echohawk: An Artist’s Journey - Oklahoma State University. (2023, April 14). https://museum.okstate.edu/art/brummett-echohawk.htmlEchohawk, B., & Ellenbarger, M. R. (2018). Drawing fire: A Pawnee, Artist, and Thunderbird in World War II. University Press of Kansas.Culture - Pawnee Nation flag and seal. (n.d.). Pawnee Nation. https://pawneenation.org/pawnee-nation-flag-and-seal/Gilcrease Museum. (2023, March 2). Joel Echohawk Reminisces about Brummett Echohawk [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5u1HgSCHI2QJones, R. (n.d.). OSU students present exhibition on Brummett Echohawk. Stillwater News Press. https://www.stwnewspress.com/news/osu-students-present-exhibition-on-brummett-echohawk/article_3b940cb6-ef84-11ed-b2fd-2796481b6b6b.htmlOSU Museum of Art. (2023, May 18). Student Curator Talk - “Brummett Echohawk: An Artist’s Journey” [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P6mWGFQEzm4Wydeven, J., & Klaphake, C. (1984). Art and Eloquence. Nebraskaland, 62(1), 104–111.Youngbull, K. M. (2015). Brummett Echohawk: Pawnee Thunderbird and Artist. University of Oklahoma Press.

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• Prehistoric Cave Paintings

  REFERENCESWhite, R. (2003). Prehistoric Art: The Symbolic Journey of Humankind. Harry N. Abrams Inc. Clottes, J. (2008). Cave Art. Phaidon Press Limited. 9780714845920Neumayer, E. (1983). Prehistoric Indian Rock Paintings. Oxford University Press. 9780195613872Ruspoli, M. (1987). The Cave of Lascaux: The Final Photographs. Harry N. Abrams Inc. 0810912678Myron, R. (1964). Prehistoric Art. Pitman Publishing Corporation. 0273438611Stokstad, M., & Cothren M. W. (2011). Art History: Ancient Art (4th ed.). Pearson Education. 0205744222 

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• Art Nouveau

  Art Nouveau was a stylistic movement in the late nineteenth century characterized by highly ornate and decorated designs. Inspired by Japanese woodblock prints, Celtic manuscripts, The Arts and Crafts Movement, and the development of the lithograph, Art Nouveau, or New Art, was applied to everything from architecture to biscuit tins.Though widely applied, posters that make up a great part of Art Nouveau history.The development of lithography meant posters could be large illustrations filled with bright colors and elaborate designs, even though they were advertisements for anything from events to consumer products. While Paris, France was Art Nouveau’s epicenter, it spread to England and eventually the United States. Along the way, several illustrators made a name for themselves and were pivotal to Art Nouveau’s popularity. Some of their posters were, and still are, collected as fine art. REFERENCESCramsie, P. (2010). The Story of Graphic Design: From the Invention of Writing to the Birth of Digital Design. Abrams. 9780810972926Eskilson, S.F. (2012). Graphic Design: A New History (2nd ed.). Laurence King Publishing. 9780300172607Müller, J. (2017). The History of Graphic Design: Vol. 1 1890-1959. Taschen. 9783836563079Selz, P., & Constantine, M. (1960). Art Nouveau: Art and Design at the Turn of the Century. The Museum of Modern Art. 0405015739Duncan, A. (1994). Art Nouveau: World of Art. Thames & Hudson Inc. 0500202737

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• Capcom Art and Fighting Games

  Capcom, a Japan-based maker of successful game properties, made a tremendous impact on the business of video games world wide, and helped usher in the current boom in Japanese-based visual media like manga and anime as much as fellow cultural exports like Pokemon, Sailor Moon, Speed Racer, and the Dragon Ball series. The art team behind the bulk of Capcom’s fighting game imagery began in the late 80s and lasted until the early 2000s. The team’s story includes an eccentric artist remembered almost as much for his habits as his skills and leadership, a draftsperson capable of taking stereotypes and rendering them with profound emotion, an up and coming artist possessed of an incredible work ethic and mammoth ability to produce images, and numerous other talented artisans all brought together to form the Capcom Design Team. REFERENCESHendershot, S.. (2017). Undisputed street fighter: The art and innovation behind the game-changing series. Dynamite EntertainmentDyer, S. (2022). The king of fighters: The ultimate history. Bitmap Books Ltd.Lapetino, T. (2016). Art of Atari. Dynamite EntertainmentLeone, Matt (2020, July 7). Street fighter 1: An oral history. Polygon. https://www.polygon.com/2020/7/7/21270906/street-fighter-1-oral-history-takashi-nishiyamaHayashi, M. K., & Moylan, M. (2009). SF20: The Art of Street Fighter. Udon Entertainment Corp. Moore, G., & Hodgson, A. (2021). Street fighter memorial archive: Beyond the world. Udon Entertainment Corp.Leone, Matt (2014, February 3). Street fighter 2: An oral history. Polygon. https://www.polygon.com/a/street-fighter-2-oral-history/Hayashi, M.K. (2019). Darkstalkers: Official Complete Works. Udon Entertainment Corp.Leone, Matt (2021, April 14). X-Men: Children of the Atom: An oral history. Polygon. https://www.polygon.com/2021/4/14/22336505/x-men-children-of-the-atom-an-oral-historyFerriere, G. & Zubkavich, J. (2005). Street Fighter: Eternal Challenge. Udon Entertainment Corp.Famitsu Book Editorial Department (2001). Capcom Design Works. Enterbrain, Inc. Various (2020). UDON’s Art of Capcom . Udon Entertainment Corp. 

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